A View of the Impact of Technology on the Participation of Eligible Voters in an Election

A View of the Impact of Technology on the Participation of Eligible Voters in an Election The Effect of Modern Technology and Voter Turnout Today’s generation has seen the massive increase in modern technology, specifically in the aspect of media. As television and the Internet become more impactful on society, the more attention paid to the radio and newspapers decrease. One of the prominent effects from media use is displayed in the campaign techniques of the United States’ presidential election candidates. The trend change among media outlets is due to the modernizing times. Less American people find it important listen to talk radio and to read a newspaper everyday. It is clear, however, the need to be attached to the computers in their pockets and have their eyes glued to TV screens. I will be testing the idea that the people of the United States of America have a higher inclination to vote if they pay more attention to politics through television and the Internet than they do to the radio and newspapers. This hypothesis contradicts the general thinking among political scientists, however. Commonly, the higher the socioeconomic status of individuals, the more inclination there is to vote (American Psychological Association, 2015). A higher SES indicates the more educated, who are generally more involved in the political process, are more likely to read newspapers. The older generation also tends to rely more on newspapers, as well as talk radio. In order to test my hypothesis, I will use the control variable of education level, separating it into three categories (high school diploma, college graduate and graduate degree). Alexandra Pelosi (2005) inquires about the corruption of the media during the election season, which supports the fact that Americans are trul y less informed about the happenings in politics, even though they have more access. Henry Brady and Richard Johnston (2006) also argue the fact that the increased use in media greatly effects voter turnout. To create the graphs used to explain my hypothesis, I used data sets from ICPSR. The row variable was set to show the different media outlets in which voters paid attention, using the codes C02, C04, C06 and C08. The column variable represented the people that voted in the 2012 presidential election (A01) and the control variable is education (R04). The figures (Figures 1-12) show that the majority of the American population did not vote in 2012 election, regardless of education level. All except the figures regarding attention paid to television news (Figures 4-6). This not only proves the fact that there is a higher voter turnout from those that turn to modern technology for information, but also that television is the favored source of all four mediums. I was most surprised to notice the difference in voted versus not voted when attention was paid to politics in the newspaper (Figures 1-3) because regardless of the education level, the majority did not vote. It was also interesting to see how the voters with just a high school diploma, paying attention to the Internet news (Figure7), voted: the majority did not pay attention to the Internet at all, whereas the college graduate and graduate degree levels had more people paying attention to it. When analyzing the effects of radio news on voter turnout (Figures 9-12), I notice the lack in relationship. Most of the people surveyed either did, or did not, vote regardless of paying attention to the radio. In recent elections, the ways presidential candidates campaign have changed with the modernizing technology. Although all continue to travel around the country building the personal connection with the voters, more ads are put out on television, the majority of it being negative. According to Dingfelder (2012), the American population responds more to negative ads than positive ones. These TV campaigns are frequently used due to the fact that nearly every American home has a television, and is watched on a daily basis. This fact allows a wide range of coverage with minimal effort. When analyzing the data, it can be understood that when it comes to paying attention to media for national politics, the voters with an education level of at least a high school diploma that rely on television news are the ones which have a higher voter turnout, with the Internet of a person with a graduate degree coming in second. The other media outlets, the newspaper and radio, generally have the same outcomes, minimal effects of media outlet on voter turnout. While I used one control variable, education level, there was still the problem of age when focusing on the common knowledge that an older generation pays more attention to newspaper and radio. Age poses a problem because a college graduate can range from 21 to 45 years old, since anyone can have a higher or lower level of education. To further the study, the control variable of age can be tested to see if and how the relationship would change. Splitting the category into two subcategories of 18 to 44 and 45 to 65 will allow a simplification of the data for a clearer result.

Relationships between primates and their environments Research Paper

Relationships between primates and their environments - Research Paper Example The sexual dimorphism between females and males is quite small in body size. In contrast to other species of apes, pair bonding is displayed by gibbons and they tend to live in small family groups comprising of one monogamous pair of adults along with their offspring. They are diurnal, however, in contrary to great apes, gibbons don’t form nests and instead they lean on tree branches during night. Gibbons feed on ripe fruits but they also eat insects, birds and leaves. The most prominent aspect of gibbons is their singing conduct used for mate attraction as well as territorial defense, and their style of arborous locomotion termed as â€Å"brachiation†. However, on ground they walk on two feet (Hohmann, Robbins and Boesch, 2006). Amongst the entire great apes genus, only Orangutans are found in Asia. Their average adult height is 1.5m while mean adult weight is 110 kg. However, the sexual dimorphism is quite significant in weight amongst males and females. The female adults have 1.25m average height and 45kg average weight. Orangutans are extensively solitary while strong social linkages exist exclusively amongst female orangutans and their offspring. Both female and male Orangutans either reside as individuals in a determined home territory or as transitory individuals, and within determined ranges there is only one dominant male that breeds primarily and safeguards the female population within his territorial dominion from coerced copulations. They are diurnal but spend most of their time on trees. They also exhibit â€Å"brachiation† and quadrupedal fist-walking. Every night a nest is being built on tree by Orangutans for sleeping. They mainly feed on leaves, bark and shoots and rarely on bird†™s eggs, insects or small vertebrates (Stanford, Allen and Antà ³n,

Portfolio Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Portfolio Analysis - Essay Example The hospital is recognized for several services including Geriatrics, women services, emergency services, plastic surgery, substance abuse, vascular surgery, ambulatory surgery and Oncology (Sultz, 2008). This paper is going to carry out a portfolio analysis of some of the products and services in Johns Hopkins Hospital in an effort to gauge the market position of the hospital in relation to its share market and also determine the service and products rate growth. Profitable concerns in the hospital indicate that portfolio analyses are better applicable when portfolio matrixes are used as they put into consideration profit dimensions. Such profitable dimensions are measured in terms of low or high profitability in relation to either negative or positive flow of cash or invested capital returns (Sultz, 2008). Portfolio Analysis Portfolio Analysis categorize products and services of an organization into several categories with the help of graphic matrix so as to bring out the differenc es among services and products of particular organization in relation to their growth rate in the market and the market share relativity. The categories include; stars, problem children and children and cash cows. Market share relativity in this analysis is viewed as being the market share occupied by the biggest rival of an organization in comparison with the market share of other organizations that fall under the same category of services and products. To determine the growth rate, the changes in gross patient services levels of revenue are measured or at times the service or population growth. The classification is in terms of low, high and medium and this is reached at by comparing the figures of such services and products to those of the national health care growth, alternative investments and prime rates (McMillan, 2011). Stars The services and products offered by the Hospital which fall under this category include; Geriatrics, oncology and women's services. These services are under this category because they have proved to have a market growth that is high as well as high market shares. The profits realized from such services are also high. These are products and services that Johns Hopkins Hospital makes the most of and gains a lot from in most situations. However, as a result of the services and products being highly profitable, most competing hospitals have settled for the same services. Such competitions put the hospital in a situation where it has to practice aggressive enhancement on these services and develop them from time to time (McMillan, 2011). This at times poses a challenge due to the difficulties in market development considering the already existing market share which is very high. This puts the hospital in another situation where it has to seek additional strategies such as related diversification and vertical integration. Thus Geriatrics, oncology and women's services happen to be the most profitable service and products offered by the hospital but still offer a number of challenges. These products stand out as representing the hospital’s best opportunities in the long-run for gaining profits and growth (Emge, 1982). Problem Children Serves offered by these hospital and fall under this category include Ambulatory Surgery, emergency services and neurosurgery. These services qualify to be in this category as they occupy market share positions that are relatively low but still manage to compete in markets whose growths are high. Such services put the hospital